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BJP: Bharatiya Janata Party

The full form of BJP is “Bharatiya Janata Party”. In English, it means “Indian People’s Party”. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is the largest political party in the world. It is a right-wing, pro-business, pro-Hindu political party of India. The BJP came to power in the 2014 general election mainly because the ruling INC or Congress Party was beleaguered by massive corruption allegations. The ideological guiding force of the BJP is the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). The RSS is arguably India’s largest nongovernmental organization, and it serves as a mentor to the BJP cadres. As of February 2022, Mr. J. P. Nadda is the President of the BJP.

History

• 1951: Jana Sangh was founded by Syama Prasad Mukherjee in 1951 in response to the political dominant of Congress party.
• 1953: Jana Sangh launched first major campaign, centred on a demand for the complete integration of Jammu and Kashmir into India.
• 1968: Atal Bihari Vajpayee became president of Jana Sangh.
• 1975: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi imposed a state of emergency. The Jana Sangh participated in widespread protests, with thousands of its members being jailed along with other agitators from across the country.
• 23 January 1977: The Jana Sangh merged with parties from across the political spectrum, including the Socialist Party, the Congress (O) and the Bharatiya Lok Dal to form the Janata Party.
• March 1977: The emergency was withdrawn and general elections were held. The Janata Party won a majority and formed a government with Morarji Desai as Prime Minister. The former Jana Sangh contributed the largest tally to the Janata Party’s parliamentary contingent, with 93 seats or 31% of its strength.
• April 1980: The National Executive Council of the Janata Party banned its members from being ‘dual members’ of the party and the RSS. In response, former members of the Jana Sangh left to form a new political party, known as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
• 1984: L. K. Advani was appointed president of the party, and under him it became the political voice of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement.
• September 1990: Advani began a rath yatra to Ayodhya in support of the Ram temple movement.
• December 1992: the RSS and its affiliates organised a rally involving more than 1,00,000 VHP and BJP activists at Ayodhya that ended with the demolition of the mosque.
• 1996: In general elections BJP capitalised on the communal polarisation that followed the demolition to win 161 Lok Sabha seats, making it the largest party in parliament.
• 1998: BJP formed a coalition called the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), which contained its existing allies like the Samata Party, the Shiromani Akali Dal, the Shiv Sena in addition to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and the Biju Janata Dal.
• October 1999: In the general elections, without the AIADMK, the NDA won 303 seats in parliament and thus an absolute majority. The BJP had its highest ever tally of 183. Vajpayee became the Prime Minister.
• 2004: Vajpayee called for early elections in 2004, six months ahead of schedule. The NDA unexpectedly suffered a heavy defeat, winning only 186 seats in the Lok Sabha, compared to the 222 of the UPA.
• 2009: In the general elections, NDA’s strength in the Lok Sabha was reduced to 116 seats.
• 2014: The BJP won 282 seats, leading the NDA to a tally of 336 seats in the 543-seat Lok Sabha. Narendra Modi was sworn in as the 14th Prime Minister of India.
• 2019: The BJP won the general election with a absolute majority increasing its tally to 303 seats in Lok Sabha. NDAs tally was increased to 353 seats in Lok Sabha.

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